MALI

      Keys events

1959 (17 January)

Creation of the Federation of Mali composed of the Sudanese Republic and the Senegal.

1960 (20 June)

The Federation of Mali becomes an independent State with Dakar as its capital city.

1960 (20 August)

Senegal withdraws.

1960 (22 September)

Proclamation in Bamako of the independence of the Sudanese Republic under the name of Mali. Modibo Keïta appointed President of the Republic. Constitution adopted.

1960 (September)

The Extraordinary Congress of the party in power, the Sudanese Union – African Democratic Rally (Union Soudanaise-RDA) opts to become a socialist State.

1962 (30 June)

Mali leaves the Franc zone. Creation of the Malian Franc.

1962-1964

Tuareg rebellion.

1964 (13 May)

Mobido Keïta re-elected.

1964 (5 July)

Announcement of the death of Fily Dabo Sissoko, Hamadoun Dicko and Kassoum Touré, leaders of the Sudanese Progress Party (Parti Progressiste Soudanaise) who had been in prison since 1962.

1967 (22 August)

The committee of the US-RDA party is dissolved. The National Committee for the Defence of the Revolution (Comité National de Défense de la Révolution - CNDR) takes over full power.

1968 (16 January)

National Assembly dissolved.

1968 (19 November)

Military coup d’état. Modibo Keïta is overthrown by Lieutenant Moussa Traoré.

Creation of the Military Committee for National Liberation (Comité Militaire de Libération Nationale - CMLN).

1968 (22 November)

Provisional government formed under the leadership of Captain Yoro Diakité.

1968 (6 December)

Abrogation of the Constitution, replaced by a new Fundamental Law.

1969 (19 September)

Moussa Traoré replaces Yoro Diakité as President.

1974-1975

Border conflict with Burkina-Faso.

1974 (2 June)

Referendum on the adoption of the new Constitution.

1976 (19 November)

Creation of the Democratic Union of the Malian People (Union Démocratique du Peuple Malien - UDPM).

1977 (16 May)

Death in detention of Modibo Keïta.

1977 (12 July)

Order issued concerning the territorial and administrative reorganisation of the country.

1977 (31 December)

Colonel Moussa Traoré announces the release of all political prisoners.

1978 (28 February)

Announcement of the arrest of members of the CMLN: Kissima Doukara, Karim Dembélé and Tiécoro Bakayoko.

1979 (27-31 March)

Founding congress of the UDPM.

1979 (19 June)

Presidential and general elections. Moussa Traoré is elected President of the Republic, Mady Sangaré is Speaker of the National Assembly.

1980 (8 March)

Student demonstrations.

1982 (13 June)

General elections (82 Members of Parliament).

1984 (1 June)

Joins the West African Monetary Union, the CFA Franc replaces the Malian Franc.

1985 (9 June)

Presidential and general elections. Maoussa Traoré re-elected President.

1985 (December)

Second border conflict with Burkina Faso.

1987 (28-31 March)

Second congress of the UDPM. Moussa Traoré’s position as Secretary General of the party is renewed.

1988 (26 June)

General elections (82 Members of Parliament)

1990 (18 October)

Constitution of a National Committee for Democratic Initiative (Comité National d’Initiative Démocratique - CNID) to demand the creation of a multi-party system.

1990 (Oct. – Dec.)

Clashes with the Tuaregs.

1991 (6 January)

Peace agreement signed with the Tuaregs.

1991 (January-March)

Political, social and student unrest (riots, demonstrations, strikes).

1991 (26 March)

Military coup d’état. The armed forces form a Council of National Reconciliation (Conseil de Réconciliation Nationale – CRN) under the leadership of Lieutenant-Colonel Amadou Toumany Touré.

1991 (30 March)

Creation of the Transition Committee for the Salvation of the People (Comité de Transition pour le Salut du Peuple – CTSP) after an agreement between the CRN and associations and organisations fighting for democracy.

1991 (31 March)

CRN dissolved. Amadou Toumany Touré is appointed President of the CTSP.

1991 (6 April)

Multi-party system introduced.

1991 (19 April)

Creation of a new party, the Rally for Democracy and Progress (Rassemblement pour la Démocratie et le Progrès – RDP).

1992 (12 January)

Adoption by referendum of the draft Constitution authorising political pluralism and creating a presidential system.

1992 (23 Feb. – 9 March)

General elections. Victory of the Alliance for Democracy in Mali (Alliance pour la Démocratie au Mali – ADEMA).

1992 (11 April)

Signature of the National Peace Pact with the Tuaregs. This agreement was to be broken on many occasions.

1992 (12/26 April)

Presidential elections. Alpha Oumar Konaré (of the ADEMA) is elected.

1992 (8 June)

Appointment of Younoussi Touré as Prime Minister.

1993 (April)

Student violence. Resignation of the government of Younoussi Touret.

1993 (13 April)

Appointment of Abdoulaye Sékou Sow to the post of Prime Minister.

1993 (9 December)

Failed coup d’état.

1994 (2 February)

Resignation of Abdoulaye Sékou Sow.

1994 (4 February)

Ibrahima Boubacar Keita becomes Prime Minister.

1994-1995

Clashes with the Tuaregs.

1996 (February)

The HCR declares that more than 100,000 Malian Tuareg refugees wish to return to their country. Their return gains momentum after the return of 37,000 of them in 1995.

1996 (29 March)

Ceremony of the flames of peace – 3,000 weapons of the Tuareg rebels are burned.

1996 (4 October)

1,435 former Tuareg-rebels join the army in an official ceremony.

1997 (4 March)

President Alpha Oumar Kounaré announces the dissolution of the National Assembly whose term of office was due to expire on 17 April.

1997 (21 April)

Decision to cancel the first round of the general elections (13 April) taken by the Constitutional Court.

1997 (17 May)

Presidential elections. Alpha Oumar Konaré re-elected.

1997 (30 May)

Municipal elections postponed.

1997 (20 July – 3 August)

General elections. The ADEMA wins 130 seats out of 147.

1997 (13 September)

Ibrahima Boubacar Keita is confirmed in the post of Prime Minister.

1999 (2 May)

Local elections in 4 regions of Mali.

2000 (21 February)

After the resignation of Ibrahima Boubacar Keita, Mandé Sidibé is appointed Prime Minister and forms a new government.

2000 (23 July)

Adoption by the National Assembly of a project to revise the Constitution.

2000 (7 October)

4^th conference of the ADEMA. Its President, Ibrahima Boubacar Keita, resigns.

Up-date currently in preparation.

Sources used

Afrique contemporaine, quarterly review (La Documentation Française)

AFP Afrique: daily news bulletin from Africa –Agence France Presse

Press Files from the CEAN Document Centre.

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